Total capacitance for series/parallel networks plus charge (Q=CV) and energy (E=½CV²) with unit scaling.
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Quick answers to common questions
This is the OPPOSITE of resistors: capacitors in PARALLEL simply add (C_total = C1 + C2 + ...), while capacitors in SERIES use the reciprocal formula (1/C_total = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + ...). Two 100µF capacitors in parallel give 200µF; in series they give 50µF.
Charge (Coulombs) = Capacitance (Farads) × Voltage (V), or Q = CV. A 1000µF capacitor charged to 12V stores Q = 0.001 × 12 = 0.012 Coulombs (12 millicoulombs) of charge.
Energy (Joules) = ½ × C × V². A 1000µF capacitor charged to 12V stores E = 0.5 × 0.001 × 12² = 0.072 Joules. This formula is important for applications like flash circuits, power backup capacitors, and understanding discharge safety.
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